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Introduction to Time Concepts in Spanish

Time
Months
Date
Days
Seasons
Year

©RCAguilar
OBJECTIVE: Learn how to tell time, say the date, provide time-frame references, etc.
TASK: Study real hard ...
PERPLEXED?
Look, ... you really need to get it together here and just GO FOR IT !!!
About Timeframes ...
Well, in order to talk about "When Specifically" something is happening, did happen, will happen, ... or just plain happens ... you gotta know how to deal with DAYS, ... and MONTHS, ... and YEARS, ... and PARTS OF DAYS, ... and CLOCKS, and etc., ... and etc., ... and so forth.
So, ... let's get started:

 

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The Months:
 
You need to listen to them, ... repeat them, ... do it over and over again, until you KNOW that each Spanish name is the real name for that month, and you never, ever, ever, wanna think about months in English again - when you're too busy talkin' es pa nyoool ...
Month
Mes/Meses
Monat
January enero Januar/Jänner
February febrero Februar/Feber
March marzo März
April abril April
May mayo Mai
June junio Juni
July julio Juli
August agosto August
September septiembre September
October octubre Oktober
November noviembre November
December diciembre Dezember
 

The Date:
Once you have the months LEARNED, we can use that information to go on to forming the DATE:
The date can be viewed as a mathematical formula or as a simple pattern, ... but just realize that there's only one way to do it, and if you know how to say "Cinco de mayo" then you can tell the date in Spanish already! Best practice is to open up a calendar and randomly drop a marble (plenty in your head to spare, I'm sure) onto a page, say the date it lands on, flip to another page, and SAY a different date, then a different date, then another date, over & over again. You're a kid playing ... remember?
la fecha
This particular word (concept) is not an equivalent to the English idea of going out with somebody or having an appointment. That's called "una cita" en español. So don't come talkin' to me about any "fecha caliente" unless we're gonna go study EL TIEMPO of a particular era/date/timeframe/period.
In order to state the date in Spanish, the word order must be:

el + ( número) + de + ( mes )
the + (number) + of + (month)
 
English has the option to give the date in various ways.
One way is: (Month) + (number)th.

January 6th

April 18th
June 11th
Another way is: the + (number) + of + (month)

the 4th of July

the 12th of October
the 9th of May
Spanish only has ONE way:
 
the + (number) + of + (month)
el + ( # ) + de + ( ? )
el + ( # ) + de + ( ? )
el + ( # ) + de + ( ? )
el + ( # ) + de + ( ? )
 
So, ... when you're gonna do the following exercises, first think of them in the reverse English order, with the number first.
May 5th el cinco de mayo
January 3rd el tres de enero
June 17th el diez y siete de junio
September 22nd el veinte y dos de setiembre
August 7th el siete de agosto
December 25th el veinte y cinco de diciembre
 
Note that the "first day" of the month is called "el primero."
November 1st el primero de noviembre

Now is probably a good time to throw in the DAYS OF THE WEEK, since they might also be considered a part of the date (... or calendar).
 
The Days of the Week:
 
Day of the Week
Día de la Semana
Tag der Woche
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Notice that the days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish.
 
The week is "la semana" in Spanish.
The weekend is "el fin de semana" - which literally is "the end of week."
The plural form of weekend (weekends) would then be "los fines de semana."
 
Hay dos días en el fin de semana.
 

Since we're on a roll here, let's throw in the 4 SEASONS.
The Seasons:
Season
la estación
Jahreszeit
     
Spring la primavera der Frühling / das Frühjahr
Summer el verano der Sommer
Fall el otoño der Herbst
Winter el invierno der Winter
 
Hay cuatro estaciones en el año.
diciembre
enero
febrero
el invierno
la primavera
marzo
abril
mayo
junio
julio
agosto
el verano
el otoño
setiembre
octubre
noviembre
Do you wanna go and deal with TEMPERATURE now?
... or with IDIOMS that deal with the weather?
How about stuff like "LAST WEEK" --- or "NEXT SPRING" --- ....... or?
Or maybe you wanna hear a German Folksong ... Ok, I'll pull out the accordeon.
 
 

el Año
The Year:
 
In order to tell the year in Spanish, you gotta know the numbers at least up to 2000+.
But then again, you're gonna have to know ALL the numbers up to that point, too {= from 0 to 2000}.
Got it?
So ...
... what are you waiting for ?
00-09
10-19
20-59
60-99
100-199
200-999
1000-1999
2000-9999
10000+
Stating the year is the same thing as saying the number itself.
None of this eighteen hunderd, or sixteen hunderd, or such.
No, I didn't misspell anything, ... it's just how people say it around here.
Nope, ... just straight numbers!
SEE ???
Year
Año
Jahr
1999
mil novecientos noventa y nueve neunzehnhundertneunundneunzig
1315
mil trescientos quince dreizehnhundertfünfzehn
1547
mil quinientos cuarenta y siete fünfzehnhundertsiebenundvierzig
1776
mil setecientos setenta y seis siebzehnhundertsechsundsiebzig
2000
dos mil zweitausend
10 years = la decada
100 years = el siglo