Spanish Verb Conjugation: Present Tense: -ger & -gir Verbs with "Yo" form ending in -jo


ER	coger		to catch, grasp	fangen, fassen
	escoger		to choose, pick	auswählen
	recoger		to pick up, nab	abholen, holen

IR	afligir		to afflict	plagen, quälen
	corregir	(e->i)	to correct	korregieren
	dirigir		to direct	dirigieren
	elegir	(e->i)	to elect, vote	wählen
	exigir		to demand	fordern

There are no AR verbs for this category.

This change only occurs in the yo form. All other forms are conjugated normally.

Drop the -er or the -ir: That's the stem !!

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Yo form

To make this form, drop the -ger or -gir or from the end of the infinitive and add -jo to the stem.

This is important to realize, because the present tense yo form is the basis for forming present subjunctive forms.

						deutsch
ER
coger		cojo	I catch	I do catch	I am catching	ich fange, fasse
escoger		escojo	I choose	I do choose	I am choosing	ich wähle aus
recoger		recojo	I pick up	I do pick up	I am picking up	ich hole ab

IR
afligir		aflijo	I afflict	I do afflict	I am afflicting	ich quäle
corregir	(e-i)	corrijo	I correct	I do correct	I am correcting	ich korrigiere
dirigir		dirijo	I direct	I do direct	I am directing	ich dirigiere
elegir	(e-i)	elijo	I elect	I do elect	I am electing	ich wähle
exigir		exijo	I demand	I do demand	I am demanding	ich fordere

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -jo ending says I am doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

The pronoun YO does not need to be stated in the present tense.

The YO is understood, because of the ending.

You don't need to say YO. If you do add the YO, it usually adds emphasis, saying I dooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Tú form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -es to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		coges	you catch	you do catch	you're catching	du fängst, faßt
escoger		escoges	you choose	you do choose	you're choosing	du wählst aus
recoger		recoges	you pick up	you do pick up	you're picking up	du holst ab

IR
afligir		afliges	you afflict	you do afflict	you're afflicting	du quälst
corregir	(e-i)	corriges	you correct	you do correct	you're correcting	du korrigierst
dirigir		diriges	you direct	you do direct	you're directing	du dirigierst
elegir	(e-i)	eliges	you elect	you do elect	you're electing	du wählst
exigir		exiges	you demand	you do demand	you're demanding	du forderst

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -es ending says you are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

The pronoun TÚ does not need to be stated in the present tense.

The TÚ is understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the TÚ, it usually adds emphasis, saying I dooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Él form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -e to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		coge	he catches	he does catch	he's catching	er fängt, faßt
escoger		escoge	he chooses	he does choose	he's choosing	er wählt aus
recoger		recoge	he picks up	he does pick up	he's picking up	er holt ab

IR
afligir		aflige	he afflicts	he does afflict	he's afflicting	er quält
corregir	(e-i)	corrige	he corrects	he does correct	he's correcting	er korrigiert
dirigir		dirige	he directs	he does direct	he's directing	er dirigiert
elegir	(e-i)	elige	he elects	he does elect	he's electing	er wählt
exigir		exige	he demands	he does demand	he's demanding	er fordert

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -e ending says he is doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

You need to identify who is doing the action in this verb form: ÉL, ELLA, or USTED

Once you have identified that ÉL is the subject, you can leave the pronoun out.

The ÉL will be understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the ÉL, it usually adds emphasis, saying he dooooes ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Ella form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -e to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		coge	she catches	she does catch	she's catching	sie fängt, faßt
escoger		escoge	she chooses	she does choose	she's choosing	sie wählt aus
recoger		recoge	she picks up	she does pick up	she's picking up	sie holt ab

IR
afligir		aflige	she afflicts	she does afflict	she's afflicting	sie quält
corregir	(e-i)	corrige	she corrects	she does correct	she's correcting	sie korrigiert
dirigir		dirige	she directs	she does direct	she's directing	sie dirigiert
elegir	(e-i)	elige	she elects	she does elect	she's electing	sie wählt
exigir		exige	she demands	she does demand	she's demanding	sie fordert

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -e ending says she is doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

You need to identify who is doing the action in this verb form: ÉL, ELLA, or USTED

Once you have identified that ELLA is the subject, you can leave the pronoun out.

The ELLA will be understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the ELLA, it usually adds emphasis, saying she dooooes ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Usted form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -e to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		coge	you catch	you do catch	you're catching	Sie fängen, fassen
escoger		escoge	you choose	you do choose	you're choosing	Sie wählen aus
recoger		recoge	you pick up	you do pick up	you're picking up	Sie holen ab

IR
afligir		aflige	you afflict	you do afflict	you're afflicting	Sie quälen
corregir	(e-i)	corrige	you correct	you do correct	you're correcting	Sie korrigieren
dirigir		dirige	you direct	you do direct	you're directing	Sie dirigieren
elegir	(e-i)	elige	you elect	you do elect	you're electing	Sie wählen
exigir		exige	you demand	you do demand	you're demanding	Sie forderen

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -e ending says you are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

You need to identify who is doing the action in this verb form: ÉL, ELLA, or USTED.

Once you have identified that USTED is the subject, you can leave the pronoun out.

The USTED will be understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the USTED, it usually adds emphasis, saying you doooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Nosotros & Nosotras form

The nosotros form is not affected, and follows the normal pattern for -er or -ir verb conjugation.

To make this form, drop the -er from the end of the infinitive and add -emos or -imos to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		cogemos	we catch	we do catch	we're catching	wir fangen, fassen
escoger		escogemos	we choose	we do choose	we're choosing	wir wählen aus
recoger		recogemos	we pick up	we do pick up	we're picking up	wir holen ab

IR
afligir		afligimos	we afflict	we do afflict	we're afflicting	wir quälen
corregir	(e-i)	corrigimos	we correct	we do correct	we're correcting	wir korrigieren
dirigir		dirigimos	we direct	we do direct	we're directing	wir dirigieren
elegir	(e-i)	eligimos	we elect	we do elect	we're electing	wir wählen
exigir		exigimos	we demand	we do demand	we're demanding	wir fordern

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -mos ending says we are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

Once you have clarified who WE is, the pronoun NOSOTROS does not need to be stated in the present.

It is already clear by the ending that NOSOTROS is doing the action.

If you did add the NOSOTROS, it usually adds emphasis, saying we dooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Vosotros & Vosotras form

The vosotros form is not affected, and follows the normal pattern for -er or -ir verb conjugation.

To make this form, drop the -er from the end of the infinitive and add -eis or -ís to the stem, respectively.

						deutsch
ER
coger		cogéis	y'all catch	y'all do catch	y'all are catching	ihr fangt, faßt
escoger		escogéis	y'all choose	y'all do choose	y'all are choosing	ihr wählt aus
recoger		recogéis	y'all pick up	y'all do pick up	y'all are picking up	ihr holt ab

IR
afligir		afligís	y'all afflict	y'all do afflict	y'all are afflicting	ihr quält
corregir	(e-i)	corregís	y'all correct	y'all do correct	y'all are correcting	ihr korrigiert
dirigir		dirigís	y'all direct	y'all do direct	y'all are directing	ihr dirigiert
elegir	(e-i)	elegís	y'all elect	y'all do elect	y'all are electing	ihr wählt
exigir		exigís	y'all demand	y'all do demand	y'all are demanding	ihr fordert

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -éis & -ís endings say y'all are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

Once you have clarified who Y'ALL is, the pronoun VOSOTROS does not need to be stated in the present.

It is already clear by the ending that VOSOTROS is doing the action.

If you did add the VOSOTROS, it usually adds emphasis, saying y'all dooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Ellos form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -en to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		cogen	they catch	they do catch	they're catching	sie fangen, fassen
escoger		escogen	they choose	they do choose	they're choosing	sie wählen aus
recoger		recogen	they pick up	they do pick up	they're picking up	sie holen ab

IR
afligir		afligen	they afflict	they do afflict	they're afflicting	sie quälen
corregir	(e-i)	corrigen	they correct	they do correct	they're correcting	sie korrigieren
dirigir		dirigen	they direct	they do direct	they're directing	sie dirigieren
elegir	(e-i)	eligen	they elect	they do elect	they're electing	sie wählen
exigir		exigen	they demand	they do demand	they're demanding	sie fordern

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -en ending says they are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

You need to identify who is doing the action in this verb form: ELLOS, ELLAS, or USTEDES.

Once you have identified that ELLOS is the subject, you can leave the pronoun out.

The ELLOS will be understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the ELLOS, it usually adds emphasis, saying they doooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Ellas form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -en to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		cogen	they catch	they do catch	they're catching	sie fangen, fassen
escoger		escogen	they choose	they do choose	they're choosing	sie wählen aus
recoger		recogen	they pick up	they do pick up	they're picking up	sie holen ab

IR
afligir		afligen	they afflict	they do afflict	they're afflicting	sie quälen
corregir	(e-i)	corrigen	they correct	they do correct	they're correcting	sie korrigieren
dirigir		dirigen	they direct	they do direct	they're directing	sie dirigieren
elegir	(e-i)	eligen	they elect	they do elect	they're electing	sie wählen
exigir		exigen	they demand	they do demand	they're demanding	sie fordern

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -en ending says they are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

You need to identify who is doing the action in this verb form: ELLOS, ELLAS, or USTEDES.

Once you have identified that ELLAS is the subject, you can leave the pronoun out.

The ELLAS will be understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the ELLAS, it usually adds emphasis, saying they doooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES

Present tense: -jo verb

Ustedes form

To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -en to the stem.

						deutsch
ER
coger		cogen	you catch	you do catch	you're catching	Sie fangen, fassen
escoger		escogen	you choose	you do choose	you're choosing	Sie wählen aus
recoger		recogen	you pick up	you do pick up	you're picking up	Sie holen ab

IR
afligir		afligen	you afflict	you do afflict	you're afflicting	Sie quälen
corregir	(e-i)	corrigen	you correct	you do correct	you're correcting	Sie korrigieren
dirigir		dirigen	you direct	you do direct	you're directing	Sie dirigieren
elegir	(e-i)	eligen	you elect	you do elect	you're electing	Sie wählen
exigir		exigen	you demand	you do demand	you're demanding	Sie fordern

What do they have in common ?

The stem (verb minus ER or IR) tells you the action.

Using the -en ending says you are doing this action, and it's going on NOW.

You need to identify who is doing the action in this verb form: ELLOS, ELLAS, or USTEDES.

Once you have identified that USTEDES is the subject, you can leave the pronoun out.

The USTEDES will be understood, because of the ending.

If you do add the USTEDES, it usually adds emphasis, saying you doooo ...

A look at other forms:

YO	TÚ	ÉL	ELLA	USTED
NOSOTROS	VOSOTROS	ELLOS	ELLAS	USTEDES