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SITE INFO Dedications Site Background Contact SITE NAVIGATION HOME Spanish Studies Pronunciation Lessons Numbers Time Date Verbs Verb Tenses Verb Conjugation Grammar Gender Grammar Terms Pronouns Reflexive Vocabulary Adjectives Noun Cognates Prepositions Verb Lists Vocabulary Lists VERB CONJUGATION Indicative Mood Present Tense Regular -ar Verbs Regular -er Verbs Regular -ir Verbs Stem e -> ie Stem o -> ue Stem e -> i Stem iar: i -> í Stem uar: u -> ú Stem uir: i -> y Stem ger/gir: g -> j Yo form -oy Yo form -zco Yo form -go Imperfect Tense AR Verbs ER & IR Verbs Preterite Tense Regular AR Verbs Ending -car Ending -gar Ending -zar ER/IR Verbs ER/IR Verbs vowel Stem IR Stem-changers Irregular Stems Future Tense Regular Verbs Irregular Stems Conditional Tense Regular Verbs Irregular Stems Progressive Tenses Perfect Tenses Reference Subject Pronouns yo nosotros nosotras tú* vosotros vosotras él ella Usted ellos ellas Ustedes *In some countries in Central & South America vos is used instead of tú. Reflexive Pronouns me nos te os se  se Direct Object Pronouns me nos te os lo la lo/la los las los/las Indirect Object Pronouns me nos te os le les	Preterite Tense: -ER & -IR verb conjugation: Verbs with stems ending in vowels Many ER & IR verbs are not affected by irregularities in any way in the formation of the preterite tense. ER & IR verbs whose stems end in a vowel need a strong Y to replace the I in 3rd person forms. These forms also accent the I in all other forms if the preceding vowel is strong, to avoid formation of a diphthong. yo -í nosotros, nosotras -ímos * tú -íste * vosotros, vosotras -ísteis * él, ella, Usted -yó ellos, ellas, Ustedes -yeron ER caer to fall fallen creer to believe glauben leer to read lesen proveer to provide bereitstellen IR construir to build, construct bauen destruir to destroy zerstören excluir to exclude ausschließen oír to hear hören To make the preterite forms, drop the -er or -ir from the end of the infinitive and add the endings given above. *The forms with an asterisk are accented only when the i would be merged into a diphthong and lose its stress. To see the preterite tense conjugated forms of these verbs, click on a pronoun below: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Yo form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -í to the stem. This is the event. This is what I did. deutsch ER caer caí I fell I did fall ich bin gefallen creer creí I believed I did believe ich habe geglaubt leer leí I read I did read ich habe gelesen proveer proveí I provided I did provide ich habe bereitgestellt IR construir construí I built I did build ich habe gebaut destruir destruí I destroyed I did destroy ich habe zerstört excluir excluí I excluded I did exclude ich habe ausgeschlossen oír oí I heard I did hear ich habe gehört The pronoun YO does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that YO is doing the action. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Tú form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -iste to the stem. If the vowel preceding the ending is strong (a, e, or o) accent the í. This is the event. This is what you did. deutsch ER caer caíste you fell you did fall du bist gefallen creer creíste you believed you did believe du hast geglaubt leer leíste you read you did read du hast gelesen proveer proveíste you provided you did provide du hast bereitgestellt IR construir construiste you built you did build du hast gebaut destruir destruiste you destroyed you did destroy du hast zerstört excluir excluiste you excluded you did exclude du hast ausgeschlossen oír oíste you heard you did hear du hast gehört The pronoun TÚ does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that TÚ is doing the action. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Él form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -yó to the stem. This is the event. This is what he did. deutsch ER caer cayó he fell he did fall er ist gefallen creer creyó he believed he did believe er hat geglaubt leer leyó he read he did read er hat gelesen proveer proveyó he provided he did provide er hat bereitgestellt IR construir construyó he built he did build er hat gebaut destruir destruyó he destroyed he did destroy er hat zerstört excluir excluyó he excluded he did exclude er hat ausgeschlossen oír oyó he heard he did hear er hat gehört The pronoun ÉL needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLA & USTED. Once it is clear that ÉL is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Ella form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -yó to the stem. This is the event. This is what she did. deutsch ER caer cayó she fell she did fall sie ist gefallen creer creyó she believed she did believe sie hat geglaubt leer leyó she read she did read sie hat gelesen proveer proveyó she provided she did provide sie hat bereitgestellt IR construir construyó she built she did build sie hat gebaut destruir destruyó she destroyed she did destroy sie hat zerstört excluir excluyó she excluded she did exclude sie hat ausgeschlossen oír oyó she heard she did hear sie hat gehört The pronoun ELLA needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ÉL & USTED. Once it is clear that ELLA is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Usted form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -yó to the stem. This is the event. This is what you did. deutsch ER caer cayó you fell you did fall Sie sind gefallen creer creyó you believed you did believe Sie haben geglaubt leer leyó you read you did read Sie haben gelesen proveer proveyó you provided you did provide Sie haben bereitgestellt IR construir construyó you built you did build Sie haben gebaut destruir destruyó you destroyed you did destroy Sie haben zerstört excluir excluyó you excluded you did exclude Sie haben ausgeschlossen oír oyó you heard you did hear Sie haben gehört The pronoun USTED needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ÉL & ELLA. Once it is clear that USTED is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Nosotros & Nosotras form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -imos to the stem. If the vowel preceding the ending is strong (a, e, or o) accent the í. This is the event. This is what we did. deutsch ER caer caímos we fell we did fall wir sind gefallen creer creímos we believed we did believe wir haben geglaubt leer leímos we read we did read wir haben gelesen proveer proveímos we provided we did provide wir haben bereitgestellt IR construir construimos we built we did build wir haben gebaut destruir destruimos we destroyed we did destroy wir haben zerstört excluir excluimos we excluded we did exclude wir haben ausgeschlossen oír oímos we heard we did hear wir haben gehört The pronoun NOSOTROS does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that NOSOTROS is doing the action. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Vosotros & Vosotras form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -isteis to the stem. If the vowel preceding the ending is strong (a, e, or o) accent the initial í. This is the event. This is what y'all did. deutsch ER caer caísteis y'all fell y'all did fall ihr seid gefallen creer creísteis y'all believed y'all did believe ihr habt geglaubt leer leísteis y'all read y'all did read ihr habt gelesen proveer proveísteis y'all provided y'all did provide ihr habt bereitgestellt IR construir construisteis y'all built y'all did build ihr habt gebaut destruir destruisteis y'all destroyed y'all did destroy ihr habt zerstört excluir excluisteis y'all excluded y'all did exclude ihr habt ausgeschlossen oír oísteis y'all heard y'all did hear ihr habt gehört The pronoun VOSOTROS does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that VOSOTROS is doing the action. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Ellos form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -yeron to the stem. This form is important, as it is the basis for the formation of the past subjunctive. This is the event. This is what they did. deutsch ER caer cayeron they fell they did fall sie sind gefallen creer creyeron they believed they did believe sie haben geglaubt leer leyeron they read they did read sie haben gelesen proveer proveyeron they provided they did provide sie haben bereitgestellt IR construir construyeron they built they did build sie haben gebaut destruir destruyeron they destroyed they did destroy sie haben zerstört excluir excluyeron they excluded they did exclude sie haben ausgeschlossen oír oyeron they heard they did hear sie haben gehört The pronoun ELLOS needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLAS & USTEDES. Once it is clear that ELLOS is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Ellas form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -yeron to the stem. This form is important, as it is the basis for the formation of the past subjunctive. This is the event. This is what they did. deutsch ER caer cayeron they fell they did fall sie sind gefallen creer creyeron they believed they did believe sie haben geglaubt leer leyeron they read they did read sie haben gelesen proveer proveyeron they provided they did provide sie haben bereitgestellt IR construir construyeron they built they did build sie haben gebaut destruir destruyeron they destroyed they did destroy sie haben zerstört excluir excluyeron they excluded they did exclude sie haben ausgeschlossen oír oyeron they heard they did hear sie haben gehört The pronoun ELLAS needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLOS & USTEDES. Once it is clear that ELLAS is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -ER & -IR verbs with stems ending in a vowel Ustedes form To make this form, drop the -er or -ir or from the end of the infinitive and add -yeron to the stem. This form is important, as it is the basis for the formation of the past subjunctive. This is the event. This is what you did. deutsch ER caer cayeron you fell you did fall Sie sind gefallen creer creyeron you believed you did believe Sie haben geglaubt leer leyeron you read you did read Sie haben gelesen proveer proveyeron you provided you did provide Sie haben bereitgestellt IR construir construyeron you built you did build Sie haben gebaut destruir destruyeron you destroyed you did destroy Sie haben zerstört excluir excluyeron you excluded you did exclude Sie haben ausgeschlossen oír oyeron you heard you did hear Sie haben gehört The pronoun USTEDES needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLOS & ELLAS. Once it is clear that USTEDES is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top

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